Tatyana Peltzer - biography, personal life, photo

Tatyana Peltzer - biography

Tatyana Peltzer first appeared on stage at the age of nine.
Fame came to her after forty. And even then the actress began to play old women. “Granny” is how the actress was nicknamed by her colleagues. She herself once called herself a “happy old woman.” Only having an unbending and strong character can one consider one’s fate successful, having experienced the events that were included in the artist’s biography. After starring in the film “Dowry Wedding,” the whole country learned about Peltzer. The actress was forty-seven years old at the time of the film's release. In this film she played a dysfunctional and heavy-drinking old woman. And with the release of “Soldier Ivan Brovkin”, real popular love came to Tatyana Ivanovna.

Tatyana Peltzer - interesting facts from life (15 photos)

Author: Sergey

11 February 2015 08:43

Tags: USSR Tatyana Peltzer movie facts

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Tatyana Peltzer was born into the family of a wonderful Russian actor and director, Honored Artist of the Republic Ivan Romanovich Peltzer. Yes, German by nationality, he managed to imbue himself with the real Russian spirit, become a real Russian actor and pass all this on to his daughter.

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Even before the revolution, Ivan Romanovich directed several films. After the revolution, he played in various theaters, acted in films (“A Lonely Sail Whitens,” “Bear,” “Big Life”), and was engaged in entrepreneurial and teaching activities. Her father became Tatyana’s first and only teacher. From her father, Tatyana Ivanovna inherited the invaluable gift of a living vision of the world, an unusual and always unexpected perception of life itself. They say that she was generally very similar to him, especially in temperament.

Tatyana Peltzer played her first roles on stage in her father’s performances. At the age of nine, she appeared in the role of Avdija in the play “Kamo is coming.” And for her work in the next production - “The Noble Nest” - she received a fee for the first time. In 1914, in a private enterprise in the city of Yekaterinoslavl, in the play “Anna Karenina,” Tatyana played Seryozha Karenin, and impressionable ladies were carried out of the hall without feelings: this is how the scene of Anna’s farewell to her son affected them.

After the revolution, Tatyana worked first at the Mobile Theater of the Political Administration, and then on the provincial stage of Nakhichevan, Yeisk and other cities. In the late 20s, Tatyana Peltzer met the German communist and philosopher Hans Tabler, who came to Moscow to study at the Comintern School. She married him in 1927, and in 1930 the couple moved to Germany. There, Tatyana, at the request of her husband, joined the Communist Party of Germany and got a job as a typist at the Soviet Trade Representation. At that time, the famous director Erwin Piscator was working in Berlin. Piscator himself was a member of the KKE and looked at theatrical art as a tool for educating the masses. He periodically opened his theaters, aimed primarily at workers, but the authorities closed them. Just in 1930, in the working-class district of Berlin, in the premises of the Wallnertheater, he opened his third theater. Having learned that Frau Tabler was a former professional actress, he offered her a role in the play “Inga” based on the play by the Soviet playwright Glebov.

It seemed that everything was going well, but with all the prosperity of life abroad, with all the love for her husband and even despite her own German roots, Tatyana could not stay outside her homeland for long. After living with Hans for a total of four years, she persuaded him to leave. She and her ex-husband remained friends throughout their lives. Hans married another woman, had a son with her, when the boy came to Moscow to study, he visited Tatyana Ivanovna, even lived with her for some time. Hans’s second wife was jealous of her husband towards Peltzer, expressed dissatisfaction with their correspondence, but could not completely break off the relationship between the former spouses.

Tatyana Ivanovna never got married again. For many years her family was her father, Ivan Romanovich. He died in 1959. In recent years, after his young wife kicked him out, he lived with his daughter. In 1931, Tatyana returned to the Soviet Union and again took her father's surname - Peltzer. She got a job at the MGSPS Theater (now the Mossovet Theater). But her path to art was not easy. The actress, who does not have a professional theater education, was included in the supporting cast. She did not work there for long, and in 1934 she was fired “for incompetence.” Where could a 30-year-old woman with no education go? She again became a typist, getting a job at the AMO machine-building plant (later the Likhachev plant). The chief designer at the plant was her brother Alexander. By this time, he had already had a terrible life experience: while he was still studying at the Automobile Institute, he was convicted under Article 58 (“For counter-revolutionary activities”) and served two years.

Over time, Alexander Peltzer became interested in the development of the first Soviet Zvezda racing cars, tested them himself, and became a three-time record holder of the Soviet Union. But in 1936, he left the post of chief engineer of AMO, as it is written in the archives, “due to leaving Moscow.” What caused this reason, and where Alexander Ivanovich went, is now also unknown. But 1936 is a time that speaks for itself... Tatyana Ivanovna also left the factory with him. She went to Yaroslavl to the oldest Russian drama theater named after F. Volkov. In 1947, Tatyana Ivanovna moved to the Moscow Theater of Satire, which became her home for many years, the main theater of her life. She did not get lost in the chic troupe, entirely consisting of brilliant masters of the satirical workshop. Playing a lot and enthusiastically, Tatyana Ivanovna finally gets the role of Lukerya Pokhlebkina in the play “Dowry Wedding” by B. Ravenskikh. In 1953, the performance was filmed and released to cinema screens across the country. Her first national fame comes. At forty-nine years old... And how many tears and disappointments there were before that...

After the release of the film-play “Dowry Wedding,” Peltzer received all-Union love and wild popularity. Her roles in the comedies “Maxim Perepelitsa” and “Soldier Ivan Brovkin” brought her even greater success. In the film “Soldier Ivan Brovkin” the role of Evdokia, the main character’s mother, was given a small place. But how brilliantly Peltzer played her! She got used to the character so much that the old village women (the film was filmed in one of the villages in the Yaroslavl region) fell in love with her and accepted her as one of their own. After the release of this film, Peltzer was immediately dubbed “the mother of the Russian soldier” and awarded the title of Honored Artist. In the sequel, the film “Ivan Brovkin in the Virgin Lands” (1958), the role of Evdokia was written specifically for her.

Tatyana Ivanovna was not just a gifted and wise actress, but she also managed to express some kind of frantic Russian courage, mixed with kindness and spiritual compassion. Happy spectators greeted her with laughter, and then furtively brushed away a tear. She had a phenomenal sense of truth, knew the value of high comedy, reached the unimaginable grotesque, but at the same time she never faked, generously bestowing people with her affectionate inspiration. She probably managed to embody the people's dream of an indestructible old age, where wisdom boldly coexists with youthful and mischievous vitality. She called herself a “happy old woman.” There was truth in this: at seventy-five, playing a variety of old women, she jumped from a fence, danced on the roof of a house, rode on the roof of a trolleybus. She acted a lot, saying that otherwise she would be forgotten and she would “die of hunger.” Mothers (“Tiger Tamer”, “Once Alone”, “Morozko”, grandmothers (“Weirdo from the fifth “B””, “You never dreamed of”, “Quarantine”), teachers, cleaners, nurses and just neighbors played so infectiously that they sometimes overshadowed the main characters, openly drawing the viewer’s attention to themselves.

What do we remember about the children's films “The Adventures of the Yellow Suitcase” and “Hands Up!” - only grandmothers performed by Tatyana Peltzer. Which other of our actresses could, at seventy years old, dance on the roof, jump from a fence, run singing along the pavement, ride while standing on the roof of a trolleybus? And so all my life: run, run, run. Even in old age, Peltzer continued to play in the theater, go on tour, and act in films. A whirlwind of feelings, fantastic energy, an innate comedic streak and a constant thirst for work - that’s what Tatyana Peltzer was. It combined all genres: comedy and drama, circus and tears, operetta temperament and subtle psychologism. In their hearts, many colleagues did not feel sympathy for Tatyana Ivanovna Peltzer. They didn’t like her for her straightforwardness, for the brutal truth that she cut in the eyes, for her absurd character. The wonderful actor Boris Novikov, who was once discussed at a troupe meeting for his addiction to alcohol, after an unflattering performance by the actress, took offense and said: “And you, Tatyana Ivanovna, should have kept quiet. Nobody loves you...except the people!” And then for a long time I felt awkward for these words.

In the mid-60s, Pluchek invited a young, unknown director, Mark Zakharov, to the theater. When Zakharov explained to the troupe the concept of his play “Profitable Place,” the loud voice of Tatyana Peltzer was heard in the hall: “Well, what is this! When a person doesn’t know how to do anything, he immediately gets involved in directing...” But Zakharov’s performance turned out to be brilliant, and Peltzer changed her mind about the young director, working with him with pleasure. The end of the 60s and the beginning of the 70s became a victorious time for Tatyana Peltzer. In the theater she played many big roles. In the theater she played Praskovya in “The Old Maid,” Madame Xydias in “Intervention,” Marceline in “Crazy Day, or The Marriage of Figaro,” Mother Courage, Miss Bock, and shone in the plays “Tempo 1929” and “Little Comedies of the Big House.” Finally, the actress had a benefit role as Aunt Tony in the enchanting production of Mark Zakharov and Alexander Shirvindt’s “Awake and Sing!” Thank God that the performance was filmed, so we can now observe this impeccable comedic style, a whirlwind of emotions, an infectious temperament, dancing, songs, enchanting flights up the stairs, rapid passages across the stage, complete looseness and freedom.

In 1972, she became a People's Artist of the USSR - the first in the 48 years of the existence of the Satire Theater. At 73, it was as if she had started a new life. Zakharov staged five performances at the Satire Theater - all with Peltzer in the title role. With his departure, the actress began to miss something in Lenkoy. Disagreements began between her and Pluchek... In 1977, Tatyana Ivanovna left the Satire Theater. Tatyana Ivanovna went to the Lenin Komsomol Theater to see Mark Zakharov. The move to Lenkom at the age of 73 came as a surprise to many; many considered it a reckless act. After thirty years of work in the most popular capital theater, where she remained a leader alongside other audience favorites, to suddenly change everything in the world and start life over again - this requires a special character. Tatyana Ivanovna had it. Gambling, risky. And at the age of 85, Peltzer did everything contrary to the recommendations of doctors: she smoked, drank the strongest coffee, and ran all the time. She had a very sound sleep. One of her friends recalls that one day a pigeon flew into the open window of a hotel room and sat on the head of the sleeping Tatyana Peltzer, and she did not even wake up.

In the last years of her life, Peltzer began to lose her memory. A huge scandal was then caused by a small note in the press that Peltzer was admitted to a psychiatric hospital. And not to the elite, but to the simple, regional one. The mentally ill received the actress with hostility and beat her severely. Having learned about this, efforts were made at Lenkom, and she was transferred to a good clinic. Afterwards, Tatyana Ivanovna returned to the theater again, but she was already a completely different person. She had difficulty moving, could no longer remember the text, and constantly confused her lines. But the entire troupe, who passionately loved the actress, wanted her to play. Then, especially for her, Mark Zakharov staged the play “Funeral Prayer.” For her, Grigory Gorin wrote the role of the old Jewish woman Bertha. You should have seen how Alexander Abdulov, who played her son, brought Peltzer onto the stage - brought her out so carefully, as if she were a fragile jewel, a porcelain cup of fine Chinese workmanship.

This role was almost wordless, just a couple of lines. But the audience didn't care what she said. Every appearance of her on stage was accompanied by insane joy and jubilation. The audience was happy to see her. It was happiness with tears in the eyes. Everyone understood that they were saying goodbye to the great actress. In 1992, after a nervous strain, Tatyana Ivanovna was again hospitalized. There, left to her own devices, restless and restless, she fell and broke her hip. For an 88-year-old man, there was only one outcome... Tatyana Ivanovna was buried at the German Cemetery.

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Childhood and youth, family

Tatyana Peltzer was born in the capital on June 6, 1904 into an acting family, which also brought up her younger brother, who later worked as an engineer at an automobile plant.
In the theatrical world, her father Ivan Romanovich was known even before the revolution. Johann Peltzer came from an aristocratic German family. But before he married the rabbi’s daughter, he had long ago, like all his relatives, forgotten about his noble origins. Over the last century, his ancestors were primarily engaged in fur coat tailoring. Tanya's mother, Evgenia Sergeevna) Roizen is from a Berdichev merchant family. The descendant of aristocratic craftsmen, having reached heights in acting, took up directing. His young daughter joined the troupe. For the first time, her father involved Tatyana in the play “Kamo Gryadeshi”. It should be noted that acting on stage was not easy: young Peltzer became an actress without acting education.

Tatyana was torn between school and theater. From an early age she showed exceptional talent. However, in addition to the acting talent that she inherited from her famous father, she had the quarrelsome disposition of Johann Peltzer. There are many legends about the last years in the actress’s life. She was sharp-tongued, straightforward and incredibly talented. For these qualities, her stage partners did not like her, but the audience adored her.

short biography

Star actress Tatyana Peltzer was born in Moscow in early June 1904. Her father, Ivan Peltzer, was a famous director and actor, but only before the revolution he played on theater stages and acted in films. For his daughter, Ivan Romanovich was not only a father, but a real role model, as well as a mentor and teacher. He tried to teach his daughter to look at the world vividly and unexpectedly.

But not only Jewish blood flowed in the veins of the famous actress, but also German. Tatiana's maternal grandfather was the chief rabbi of Kyiv. And my mother, Esther Borukhovna Roizen, became Evgenia Sergeevna after her marriage. In 1906, a son, Alexander, was born into the Peltser family, who became a famous racing driver and designer. Until the war began, the Peltzer family always spoke German at home.

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Personal life

In the thirties, the young actress met her future husband.
Ironically, Tatyana Peltzer’s chosen one was German. The philosopher and convinced communist took his young wife to his historical homeland, where she lived for only four years. Her acting career did not work out in Germany. Peltzer was invited to the Berlin theater, but was soon fired. And my personal life was not successful. Peltzer never remarried. But the actress did not stop friendly relations with her first and last husband until old age. He visited Tatiana several times in Moscow. According to eyewitnesses, ten minutes after the meeting, the former lovers began to loudly sort things out and look for the reason for the breakup. Returning home, Tatyana Peltzer had high hopes for the capital's stage. The year was 1931. In case of questions, the actress came up with a legend regarding the reason for the breakdown of her marriage with a German. For many years, she claimed that she separated from her husband solely because of political differences. Many years later, Peltzer admits that the reason was her infidelity. And that she regretted her actions all her life.

In the Soviet Union, life was not sweet for citizens of German origin. However, neither Tatyana Peltzer nor her father were injured. However, the fate of the actress’s brother turned out to be tragic. Even before the war, he was arrested under the notorious fifty-eighth article. Then released. Alexander Peltzer graduated from technical school, and was even able to realize himself in the professional field. But he had to leave the position of senior designer in 1936.

Alexander left for a distant provincial town to escape repression. Tatyana at that time worked as a typist: her difficult character and unreliable origin forced Peltzer to leave the theater. Ahead were years of wandering, an unsettled personal life, loneliness and the loss of a beloved brother. Her father convinced her to try to get into the theater again. Johann Peltzer never doubted his daughter's talent.

Theater and films

At the end of the forties, Tatyana Peltzer was already an elderly and rather unlucky actress. She was enrolled in the Satire Theater troupe. But at that time the actress could not even imagine that this scene would bring her fame. Thanks to the film “Dowry Wedding,” the whole country learned about Peltzer. The actress was forty-seven years old at the time of the film's release. In this film she played a dysfunctional and heavy-drinking old woman. And with the release of “Soldier Ivan Brovkin”, real popular love came to Tatyana.

Tatyana Peltzer, having German roots, became a great Russian actress.
Soviet viewers associated the artist with her heroines. Peltzer seemed familiar and understandable to them. In life, the actress had little in common with her on-screen characters. The actress had impeccable taste in clothes. She preferred to spend her free time from work in restaurants. In addition, Tatyana Peltzer was a heavy smoker, and was unable to get rid of the bad habit until the last years of her life. Being no longer young and not distinguished by beauty, she gave rise to rumors of numerous novels. However, the actress hid the details of her personal life even from close friends.

The theater became home to Tatyana Peltzer. She spent most of her time here. And the circumstances of her personal life deprived her of her last hope for happiness. The actress's father was seriously ill. After the performance and applause, she hurried home. During the day I hired a nurse. But no matter how hard it was for the middle-aged actress to be torn between theater and home, after the death of her father she learned the bitterness of real loneliness.

A year later, my brother had an accident. After the disaster, Alexander Peltzer became disabled. His wife and children abandoned him, and the only person who took care of the man confined to a wheelchair was his sister. Tatyana Peltzer was rushing home from the theater again.

Tatyana Peltzer worked at the Satire Theater for thirty years. But after a huge scandal with the main director, she left this stage too. Soon the actress was invited to his theater by Mark Zakharov. Tatyana Peltzer spent her last years at Lenkom. She went on stage even when her memory began to fail her.

Career in film and theater

Tatyana Peltzer's creative biography began in early childhood, when she began to play in her father's plays. At the age of nine, Tatyana received her first fee for her role in the play “The Noble Nest”. But she never studied acting. Tatyana Peltzer often changed theaters, and recognition came to her at almost fifty years old.

In 1930, Tatyana Peltzer joined the Communist Party in Germany and worked at the Soviet trade mission. But during the entire time she lived abroad, she played only in one play, “Inga.” After returning home in 1931, she entered the Mossovet Theater, but was only included in the supporting cast. But her relationship with the theater management did not work out, so four years later she was fired.

After that, she worked in the theater in Yaroslavl, in the Moscow Miniature Theater. But all the roles were small and episodic. In 1947, Tatyana Ivanovna moved to the capital's academic theater of satire, where she played leading roles in many performances that made her famous. But the heyday of Peltzer’s career as an actress came in the seventies, when she had many roles in the theater.

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In 1972, Tatyana Ivanovna received the title of “People’s Artist”. It is known that in 1977, after working at the theater for thirty years, she quit with a scandal. She immediately got a job at the Lenkom Theater.

In 1947, Tatyana Ivanovna played her first film role. It was a cameo role in the film “The Wedding”. After this there were other roles, but most often these films were not allowed to be shown by censorship. Success in cinema was brought to her by such films as “Soldier Ivan Brovkin” and “Maxim Perepelitsa”. Tatyana Ivanovna tried to act a lot, sometimes episodic roles of grandmothers were specially written for her, which sometimes simply overshadowed the main characters.

Last years, death

The great actress spent her last days in a psychiatric hospital, and the only person who visited the actress was her housekeeper.
Tatyana Peltzer was rapidly losing contact with the outside world. And only the day before her death her consciousness returned: she joked a lot and was cheerful. Tatyana Ivanovna Peltzer died on July 16, 1992. Only a few people came to say goodbye to the People's Artist, winner of numerous awards and the most famous grandmother of the Soviet Union at the Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow.

Filmography

-1953 — “Wedding with a Dowry” -1955 — “Soldier Ivan Brovkin” -1955 — “Maxim Perepelitsa” -1964 — “The Adventures of Tolya Klyukvin” -1970 — “The Adventures of the Yellow Suitcase” -1972 — “Twelve Months” -1973 — “ Acting" -1974 - "Aniskin and Fantomas" -1979 - "Accept a telegram on credit" -1980 - "Dulcinea of Toboso" -1982 - "There, on unknown paths..." -1984 - "Red-haired, honest, in love" -1984 — “Formula of Love” -1985 — “After the Rain on Thursday” -1986 — “Who Will Enter the Last Car” -1989 — “Prince Luck Andreevich”