Women and lovers of Lenin, Armand, Krupskaya

Under Soviet power, the image of leader V.I. Lenin was idealized: society was told about the crystal clear moral qualities of the founder of the people's state and his strong family union.

Did you know that Lenin had so many wives?

NOT REALLY

In the post-Soviet period, on the contrary, various scandalous details from the personal life of the once infallible leader were deliberately sought out and publicly announced. Although Lenin's personality and literary works have been extensively studied, historians still have much work to do.

Yakubova

The first love of the proletarian leader was Apollinaria Yakubova, who was a member of a secret St. Petersburg organization. Ironically, she was close friends with Nadezhda Krupskaya, who later became Lenin’s legal wife. Together with other revolutionaries, Yakubova carried out agitation work among the workers and was a liaison.

Lenin's beloved had a pretty appearance, was smart and lively, which attracted the revolutionary to her. Before his Siberian exile in 1895, he even proposed to her, but was refused: the young girl, of course, was keen on the revolutionary movement, but was not going to devote her whole life to it.

Expert opinion

Mercury Stepan Igorevich

A prominent historian, expert in the field of research into the history of the USSR, member of the archaeological society, academician.

Yakubova died of tuberculosis in the spring of 1913.

Childhood

The future major politician was born on April 22, 1870 in Simbirsk (now called Ulyanovsk in his honor), a city on the Volga, into an intelligent family of teachers.
There were no Russians in his family: his mother Maria Alexandrovna came from Germans with an admixture of Swedish and Jewish blood, his father Ilya Nikolaevich came from Kalmyks and Chuvashs. He was involved in the inspection of public schools and made a very successful career: he received the rank of full state councilor, which gave him the right to the title of nobility. Little Volodya Ulyanov

Mom devoted herself to raising children, of whom there were six in their family: daughters Anna and Olga, sons Alexander, Vladimir, Dmitry and the youngest child, Maria or Manyasha, as her relatives called her. The mother of the family graduated from a pedagogical school as an external student, knew several foreign languages, played the piano and passed on her knowledge and skills to her children, including exceptional accuracy in everything.

Ulyanov family (1879)

Volodya knew Latin, French, German, English very well, and Italian a little worse. His love for languages remained throughout his life; shortly before his death he began to learn Czech. At the gymnasium, he preferred philosophy, but also had excellent grades in other disciplines.

Volodya Ulyanov in childhood with his sister

He grew up as an inquisitive boy, loved to play noisy games with his brothers and sisters: horse play, Indian play, toy soldiers. While reading Uncle Tom's Cabin, he imagined himself as Abraham Lincoln, smashing slave owners.

In his last year of study, in 1886, his father died. A year later, their family suffered another difficult ordeal - the execution of brother Alexander by hanging. The young man was good at natural sciences, so the terrorists who were preparing an assassination attempt on Alexander III recruited him to create an explosive device. In the case, Ulyanov was one of the organizers of the attempt to assassinate the Tsar.

Krupskaya

Nadezhda Krupskaya met young V. Ulyanov (Lenin) in 1994 at one of the secret meetings, where she was an active member. Young Vladimir was quite attractive and was a principled and undisputed leader. Krupskaya secretly suffered for him, not finding reciprocity.

Soon fate itself united her with her lover: Lenin was exiled to a settlement in Shushenskoye, and Krupskaya was serving her sentence nearby, in the Ufa province. She brought the necessary literature for her revolutionary and stayed forever. On July 22, 1898, they entered into a church marriage.

Together with Nadezhda, her mother Elizaveta Krupskaya went to a remote Siberian village. The young wife did not know how to do anything around the house and there was almost no free time left for this: Nadezhda was her husband’s secretary and a reliable support in all matters. The mother took upon herself all the care of the family.

There were no children in the family. The mother-in-law loved her son-in-law, but Lenin’s relatives immediately disliked Nadezhda, considering her inferior to their family. Nadezhda had a very ordinary appearance, but had a calm and flexible character, which went well with Vladimir’s impulsiveness and determination. Rumor has it that Lenin never felt any particular passion for Krupskaya. Perhaps he was just comfortable with her.

Despite many difficulties, the couple remained together until Lenin's death in 1924.

The first years of marriage

How did the newlyweds live? Based on the surviving photographs, they cannot be called happy. However, we should not forget that these are just empty photographs that should be canonical, since they depict the Leader of the proletariat.

According to Krupskaya’s memoirs, her relationship with Vladimir in the first years of marriage was tender, romantic and even passionate, just the kind that helped her survive the difficult months of exile.

The young wife was a faithful assistant to her heroic husband. She conducted his correspondence, rewrote his articles, and was engaged in social work. The couple loved to take long walks together, the two of them went mushroom picking and admired the scenery.

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Nadya could not get pregnant, which greatly upset Lenin. She was seriously ill with the so-called Graves' disease, which made Vladimir Ilyich very worried and wrote in letters to his mother that his wife was very ill, and he was very afraid for her.

Yes, the relationship between the spouses was smooth and gentle, as befits the leaders of the proletariat. However, this was not enough for the emotional Vladimir.

Greatest love

Of all the women who were close to Lenin, Inessa Armand, whom he met in 1909 in Paris, occupies a special place. It is impossible not to notice such a woman: the daughter of an opera singer and actress, she received an excellent education, had a very bright appearance and a good figure. By this time she was already a widow, having five children from two marriages.

Ilyich loved Inessa with all his soul. A love triangle formed, which collapsed only in 1917, when the family moved to St. Petersburg.

In 1920, Armand died of typhus. Lenin was terribly worried when he personally met the coffin with the deceased at the station. His last wish was to move her children from France and take care of them. Krupskaya fulfilled his request exactly, taking the children of her rival into care.

Fixed stars. Vladimir Lenin, Nadezhda Krupskaya and Inessa Armand

"Beautiful, adventurous social democrat"

This is how they describe Inessa Armand , a friend of Lenin and Krupskaya, a famous revolutionary.

Unusual, bright, passionate, “frantic Inessa”. Against the backdrop of colorless biographies of the “leaders,” her figure invariably attracts attention. Her relationship with Lenin is the subject of meticulous study and amazement. So this is what Lenin’s “dear friend” looked like.

She was, of course, a beauty. She was an incredible adventurer. She was a loyal and passionate friend and admirer of Lenin. Everything she did, she did with passion.

Lev Kamenev met her in April 1917 at the Tauride Palace:

“We ran into Inessa in a crowded hall of the Tauride Palace. In this seething crowd, stern and seemingly cold, she passionately defended the slogans of an immediate socialist revolution. I tried to cool it down a little. But no - she turned out to be “charged” one hundred percent.”

She was interested in the revolution almost as much as Vladimir Ilyich Lenin . But it must be said that the version of a possible “romance”, the love of two passionate revolutionaries, is broken by another irrefutable argument.

Inessa Armand and Nadezhda Krupskaya have been friends all their lives.

Inessa Armand

Three mysteries of Russia. Astrological cycles and the fate of rulers What else, besides loyalty to the cause of the revolution, was common in the character of Inessa Armand and Nadezhda Krupskaya? And this was common, of course.

This is a disregard for the material side of life, “everyday life” and vulgar bourgeois interests.

Otherwise they were completely different. Inessa Armand had five children and two husbands and a stormy personal life. Life in a very wealthy family, a more than wealthy spouse. The modest Nadezhda Konstantinovna has no love “victories”, no children, her husband is a revolutionary with no hopes for a career or well-being.

“I fell in love with her almost from the first time I met her,” Inessa wrote about Krupskaya.

“It became more comfortable and more fun when Inessa came,” Krupskaya wrote.

Romance with the stone

The “romance” between Vladimir Lenin and Inessa Armand will never be proven. It remains more than a dubious assumption.

There remains indirect evidence, letters (in fact, of what can somehow be attached to the “affair case”, there is one letter). Everything else is in the spirit of “I love to look at you” (Inessa), “I’m ready to kiss you a thousand times” (Vladimir Lenin).

Yes, personal, emotional expressions of affection, but they were more comradely. Or, as some historians suggest, “love” was only on Inessa’s part. Her feelings were met with a friendly response from Comrade Lenin.

And there is no doubt that Inessa (in fact, her name in Russian was Elizaveta Fedorovna, at birth - Elisabeth Pecheux d'Herbanville) was a slightly exalted woman. But again with a caveat - it was! Some part of your life.

In this only surviving letter, she writes how sad she is, how bored she is. “We broke up, we broke up, dear, you and I!”

“Why was this separation necessary?” she asks. But we will never know what happened.

Inessa Armand writes this letter in 1913.

And in 1912, she went on behalf of the party to St. Petersburg, was arrested, and spent several months in prison. Alexander Armand all these years ), and was treated for several months at the Lesnoye sanatorium. And only in August 1913 did she flee abroad through Finland.

The husband ended up losing a large deposit. But Alexander Armand did not complain. He had already suffered a lot from the “frantic Inessa.” Even when she left him for his brother, he wrote letters to her almost daily: “How good it was with you, my friend. I loved our friendship so much."

Inessa and Alexander Armand

There was something about Inessa Armand that attracted men to her. You might think it's beauty or temperament. But both of the most important people in her life—Alexandre Armand and Vladimir Lenin—called her “friend.” And they were valued as a friend.

Most likely, she was a truly sincere, noble, very friendly person. And it evoked reciprocal feelings.

Twice Aquarius

Let's take a look at her horoscope. Venus conjunct Mars. Extremely amorous, emotional, passionate nature. Moon in Aquarius. This is a very independent, very unusual woman.

Yes, she attracts with her brightness, unusualness, and ability to “not immerse herself in everyday life.” But for ordinary life, for “routine” it is not well suited. By the way, Lenin’s Moon is also most likely in Aquarius. And he also did not appreciate and did not like “everyday life”.

The great political strategist of the 20th century. Astrological portrait of Vladimir Lenin It is believed that if people have the Moon in the same sign, this is an extremely strong indication of “kinship of souls.” They understand and accept each other at the level of the unconscious - habits, inclinations, “likes and dislikes.” But Inessa has the Moon in opposition to Uranus. This is a twice unusual woman. Sharp, extravagant actions, eccentricities on the verge of the possible.

Often, under the influence of Uranus, a “marriage-friendship” or “civil marriage” develops. Relationships based on common interests and respect. But not on “passion”.

And there were many unusual, strange and extravagant actions in her life. As happens when the Moon is in such a sharp aspect to Uranus.

Armand's wife

After the death of her father, Inessa ended up with her sister in Moscow, with her aunt, who taught music to the children of the wealthy industrialist Armand.

At the age of 19, Inessa became the wife of Alexander Armand, and later her sister Rene married Nikolai Armand.

Everything was going great. The marriage produced four children. But ten years later, Inessa leaves her husband and goes to his 18-year-old brother Vladimir Armand.

Inessa was 11 years older than Vladimir. And the act was, to put it mildly, extraordinary. She and Vladimir have another son.

Inessa Armand and her children

Then the mother of five children, together with her 19-year-old husband, becomes interested in revolutionary ideas. Vladimir begins party work. Leaflets, explosives, illegal meetings at the Armands' apartment. The ex-husband provides a comfortable life.

As a result, they were arrested, went into exile, and fled. In 1908, Vladimir died of tuberculosis in Switzerland.

And in 1909, Inessa meets Lenin, whose books at one time led her to revolutionary activity. She is 34 years old, he is 39. Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya is 40 years old.

It seems that Inessa Armand until this time lived by passions. She needed extraordinary, amazing circumstances, emotions. There are people, mostly women, for whom “feelings” are life. Passions, men, romances, “love at first sight” and so on. Otherwise, they begin to get bored, grow weak, dream of impossible things, and become irritated by everyday life and everyday responsibilities.

The daughter of an opera singer and actress, Frenchwoman Inessa, apparently, was just such a person. But did she still look like the heroine of a bourgeois novel? Most likely not.

Revolutionary work, life next to Lenin and Krupskaya, the ideas of socialism, education (she completed a course at the Faculty of Economics in Brussels in a year) - all this changed her very much.

Well, what kind of romance could they have with Ilyich? In his letters, Lenin constantly advises her to do physical exercise, such as skiing. Read the classics of Marxism. He asks to translate his works and articles of his comrades. Talk to someone in England.

He reproaches her for translating slowly. In a friendly way he simply writes: “If you don’t have time, then you don’t need to.”

And the assumption that Krupskaya demanded after 1917 to “end relations” with Inessa and Lenin “obeyed” seems completely unrealistic. According to the speculations of some historians, Lenin’s party position also obliged him to stop his “affair with Inessa.”

Nothing could be further from the truth. It is enough to read the surviving letters from Lenin to Armand.

"Dear friend"

Lenin writes to Armand in the spring of 1917:

"Dear friend! Please hurry up with the sheet...”

"Dear friend! You are apparently too nervous - this explains a number of “theoretical oddities” in your letters... Marxism requires distinguishing between classes...

Hello! Lenin."

"Dear friend! If you are coming home, stop by our place first. I'll give you an order.

Shake your hand. Your V.U.”

“I plan to give the party cash register to you (so that you can carry it on yourself, in a specially sewn bag...).” (Autumn 1916, Lenin fears that Switzerland will cease to be a neutral country). This all looks very little like love letters.

Inessa Armand, Vladimir Ilyich

Lenin wrote to her before traveling in a “sealed carriage”:

“I hope we're going. I hope together with you...

A thousand greetings. Au revoir. Your Lenin."

And they returned to Russia in the same compartment - Krupskaya, Lenin, Armand.

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Lev Danilkin , writes, “a brilliant philosopher, and even with experience in administrative work,” returned to Russia Obsessed with the idea of justice.

His goal is a classless society. His goal is the withering away of the state.

After the incredible meeting in Petrograd, after Lenin raced through the city in an armored car with an enthusiastic crowd, after speaking from the balcony of the Kshesinskaya mansion. What kind of women, what kind of “love”? Yes, and before that too. Lenin's love and passion was revolution.

And, of course, nothing could be further from the truth than the assumption that Krupskaya “demanded” something. These were people not just of high relationships, high respect for each other, but also of the highest self-esteem.

Nadezhda Konstantinovna the most she could do was leave. But that wasn't necessary. They treated each other with Lenin sincerely and honestly.

Krupskaya

As Krupskaya’s friend wrote, Nadezhda Konstantinovna “had neither vanity nor pride. There was no place in her life for love play.”

A letter from Nadezhda Konstantinovna from exile in Shushenskoye to one of Lenin’s sisters, Maria Ulyanova , has been preserved, where she asks to tell another sister, Anya, so that Anya does not reproach her for “censoring” letters from Vladimir Ilyich.

“Just a small note about her. She is indignant that I give my letters “to the editor” to Volodya, but in most cases I describe our life in Shushenka in a joking tone, and Volodya gets a lot of them, well, I wouldn’t write such letters without giving them to him read in advance."

Trust, sincerity, moral purity - this was the basis of their relationship.

Fish, lamprey, herring

These were exactly the nicknames and party pseudonyms that Nadezhda Konstantinovna had. “Fish” and “Lamprey” - that’s how she signed herself. There were rumors that it was because of the external resemblance. Krupskaya had Graves' disease, which causes swelling of the eyes.

There was no way to treat this disease back then. Now, of course, Krupskaya could easily be relieved of these symptoms.

There was another opinion: supposedly because of her outwardly cold behavior she was given such nicknames.

It may also be that her mother bore the surname Fishman before her marriage.

All these versions are possible. But the funny thing is that Krupskaya was born under the sign of Pisces. Surprisingly, astrology is often read literally like this.

Many noted Nadezhda Konstantinovna’s strange shyness. She would have “fits” where she would be silent for 4-5 hours while there was lively conversation going on around her.

This is a typical sign of those born under the sign of Pisces. This is due not so much to shyness as to constant “withdrawal into oneself.” Life inside is more important than life outside. Pisces, in addition, often lack energy and have no strength for the “ordinary”. Too bright life inside takes a lot of energy.

But these people often do a lot of unnoticed but important work.

For many years she was the secretary of the Pravda newspaper and carried out a huge amount of grunt work on the publication of the newspaper. She helped Lenin as much as possible - translated, encrypted, rewrote.

Hiding, encrypting, being interested in secrets is the property of the sign of Pisces.

By the way, Lenin has Venus in his personal horoscope in the sign of Pisces. Of course, he really liked her.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and Nadezhda Konstantivna Krupskaya

Krupskaya taught conspiracy theories at a workers' school in Longjumeau. She was a master of encryption, knew how to hide, hide, and knew how to behave correctly during a search. by Kerensky came to their apartment in the summer of 1917 in Petrograd , Krupskaya was not at all at a loss. And she practically kicked them out, shamed them with the word: “Gendarmes! Just like under royal rule!”

No, no, “Fish” and “Lamprey” are a very false external impression, which Krupskaya herself skillfully supported. Quiet, inconspicuous, encrypting something all the time. Inside he was a persistent man with iron convictions. Both political and personal.

Life and food

Their life was always poorly organized. Little furniture, poor furnishings. Krupskaya’s cooking didn’t matter. Her mother lived with them and took care of the housework.

No other way. Our most famous cook and author of famous cookery books, William Pokhlebkin, even believed that since Lenin ate “fifty types of omelettes” from Krupskaya, this, unfortunately, became one of the causes of atherosclerosis. This is, of course, not true. But Krupskaya cooked simply and without imagination.

But everyone else considered the dishes prepared by Krupskaya tasteless and primitive. But Lenin liked it! He suffered from gastritis from his youth, drank special water, and received treatment. It is possible that Krupskaya specially prepared food for him without spices and seasonings.

The only thing they argued about was sweets. Krupskaya herself loved candy and pastries. Lenin said that it was “outrageous” that he was not a child. But then she ate everything, according to her recollections, with pleasure.

In Paris, a worker advised them to eat in a diner with “coachmen and laborers” - half the price and more satisfying. Lenin was very pleased.

In Switzerland they went to some housewife who cooked well and cheaply, but her main clients were some semi-criminals and prostitutes. This greatly shocked Krupskaya.

Otherwise, their life was outwardly unprepossessing, even poor financially, but not because they were poor (Lenin’s mother, the party helped, and they themselves earned money, for example, by translations). They both just didn't care.

How it was all the same when they got married in exile, in Shushenskoye, with rings made of copper coins (cut out overnight by Lenin’s comrade). With local peasants as witnesses (Lenin became friends with them in exile).

"Rivals"

How did these two different women coexist in the same orbit, near the same star - Lenin? Well, everything suggests that Krupskaya and Armand sincerely loved each other.

Inessa Armand and Nadezhda Krupskaya

In the most famous letter, “We parted with you, dear,” Inessa writes at the end: “I will write to Nadezhda Konstantinovna separately.”

They communicated a lot, the three of them often appeared at meetings and walks.

There is no doubt that Krupskaya could change all these “trips of three” to “two of us”. She was not one of those people who would silently drag out their “shoulder of life.”

The most important thing is their absolute honesty and sincerity with Lenin, which excludes hidden, silent hypocrisy.

No, she liked Inessa’s company.

After Armand's death, Inessa's younger children lived with Lenin's family in Gorki. But the most interesting thing is that on the nightstand next to Krupskaya’s bed there was a portrait of Inessa Armand until her death.

Lenin and Armand

What can astrology say about this relationship? Personal relationships remain more than doubtful. There are no significant aspects to the “gender planets” - Venus, Mars, Moon. Lenin was hardly interested in Inessa Armand as a woman.

She was very interested in him as an interlocutor, a student. The same can be said about Armand. Everything was as she wrote in the letter: “I love looking at you, listening to you.”

Sun Lenin conjunction Mercury Armand. Saturn trine Mercury Armand. Conversations - yes, they reveled in that.

From the combination of two horoscopes, one can draw a banal conclusion: “party comrades.” Excellent conversationalists. People will work well with each other and as a team. That's exactly what happened.

Lenin had an unusual quality: he had to pronounce any article or thought, not even discuss it, but tell it to some silent listener. Usually Krupskaya was such a listener. They walked through the forest, and he talked through his ideas to her.

Lenin's Mercury is a conjunction of Pluto (an aspect of practical magic that gave Lenin an extraordinary, magical power of persuasion with words) in aspect to Venus and Uranus.

Excitable, irritable, original and powerful mind. Outbursts of mental irritation and “restlessness” in thoughts are extinguished and stabilized through communication with women (Mercury-Venus aspect).

Two Taurus

Armand's birthday is May 8th. She is a solar Taurus, like Lenin. People born in the same sun sign usually understand each other very well, but they are also good at noticing flaws.

The most important thing in Armand's horoscope is the Moon in opposition to Uranus. Aspect "exalted lady". Of course, this could not please the pragmatic Lenin. The “flash” woman. Very great for an instant romance. But not for a permanent relationship.

Plus Venus is conjunct Mars in her personal horoscope. This woman “lived with passions.”

Lenin and Krupskaya

Lenin and Krupskaya have a conjunction of Venus and the Sun, their Mars in trine. This is not a bright romance, but calm feelings, but the interaction is better and stronger than with Inessa. There are certainly feelings. Venus is still involved. But this is a calm relationship.

Ilyich really liked Krupskaya. Or even “really, really” liked it. This is how you can describe it. But this is not a flash of passion, but an even, constant flame.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya in a car. Red Square. May 1, 1919

With Nadezhda Konstantinovna they had the life that Lenin wanted and needed.

The most important thing for them is a common cause. The interaction of two Mars is the interaction of two comrades. They will understand each other in any activity - in sports, in writing articles, publishing newspapers.

The author of the book about Lenin, “Pantocrator of Solar Motes,” Lev Danilkin, calculated that in 1904, Krupskaya and Lenin walked together 400 kilometers through the mountains of Switzerland in 2 months. This is a very complex, big activity.

Lenin was an extremely athletic person; he had the figure of a “gymnast-athlete.” But Krupskaya? A quiet, homely woman, she constantly rewrites and encrypts Ilyich’s articles. No, this is not quite the correct image, she definitely played sports with him, went on long hikes.

When Armand appeared, they began to go to concerts together, Inessa herself played the piano a lot and well.

All this is very cool, but did Lenin need it? He famously refused to listen to music often. It aroused too many emotions in him.

Therefore, even if Lenin had any feelings other than friendly ones, he threw them away with an effort of will. Which was not very difficult, most likely. Exalted Inessa is not his type. But still, he was very attracted to her - as a friend, as a devoted woman.

Fixed stars

In Armand's horoscope, Venus is in conjunction with the star Aldebaran. This is one of the most important stars in astrology. One of the largest in the sky.

The power of the star Aldebaran is 500 times greater than the Sun, and it remains visible even at moonlight. Aldebaran is not very good. “Guardian of the East”, or “Lamparus” (its other names), gives a person exceptional energy. But too much is always dangerous.

This exceptional energy magnetizes those around you. And at the same time it does not ultimately bring happiness to the person himself.

As happened with Inessa Armand, who wrote to herself in the last months of her life that she was completely exhausted. “Only children and V.I. are happy.”

Lenin took her departure very hard - in 1920 Inessa died of cholera. “I’m afraid that Inessa’s death will finish off Volodya,” Krupskaya wrote.

All the years before that they continued to communicate.

Armand, at Lenin's request, received an apartment on Neglinnaya Street, not far from the Kremlin. He often visited her after work.

Still, there was something incredibly attractive about this woman. Maybe Lamparus? Fixed star, a huge orange giant in conjunction with her Venus. Did the lamparus make her so unusual, so interesting?

"Petty bourgeois crap"

In their life there was no what Karl Marx called “swallowed up to his ears in petty-bourgeois shit” (he said this about himself and his family life in a letter to Engels).

These were very unusual people with very unusual feelings. They had neither jealousy nor domestic strife. They lived by ideas. And “dear friend” - this was more important to them than any fire of so-called passion.

And the adventurous beauty Armand, and the soft but persistent Krupskaya. And Vladimir Ilyich. He, too, was not alien to human feelings. They were no strangers to all of them. Only these were high feelings, real ones. Not this petty-bourgeois “passion”.

Russian Revolution

Relations with Armand today are one of the most discussed topics in Lenin’s life.

But in fact, what difference does it make - was there a relationship between Inessa Armand and Vladimir Lenin that was more than friendly or platonic?

This information “boom” - Armand and Lenin, “threesome love” (even idiots are already agreeing on this) - does not happen by chance. And not only because of the desire to vulgarize and reduce the figure of Lenin and two wonderful women.

This is not even a campaign to discredit the personal life of the “leader of the world proletariat.” This is a campaign to deliberately exclude Lenin’s philosophical thought from public circulation. Replacing it with some kind of husk, “mura,” as Lenin and Krupskaya called it.

As if the Russian revolution is not an event on a planetary scale, not the construction of an absolutely new, unprecedented in the history of society, but some kind of conspiracy like “a haberdasher against a cardinal.”

Lenin described everything that is happening now. All the laws of development of society and capitalism, imperialism, the power of finance capital.

If you want to understand Inessa Armand and understand why she adored Lenin, you need to read “The Development of Capitalism in Russia.” The book with which her correspondence acquaintance and admiration for Lenin began.

In order to understand his relationship with Krupskaya, you need to read the works “Philosophical Notebooks”, “State and Revolution”, “Imperialism as the Highest Stage of Capitalism”, you need to spend additional intellectual effort.

And it doesn’t take any effort at all to vulgarize and attract them into your coordinate system. "Bedroom. Kitchen. Life". Passions, jealousy, love affairs.

They were from a completely different system. And even, it seems, from another galaxy.

Elizabeth

Lenin had a short, bright romance in Europe, where he lived incognito. History has not preserved the woman’s surname, only her first name – Elizabeth. She was pretty, smart, and sympathized with the revolutionaries. Secret meetings took place in her apartment (in their absence, meetings with Lenin).

After breaking up, they continued to correspond for a long time, maintaining feelings for each other.

Beat off the groom

Modest, but smart and active Nadezhda did not despair when she saw that feelings had flared up between Vladimir and Apollinaria. Yes, the girl fell madly in love with the young revolutionary, but still remained devoted to the party. Many listened to Krupskaya’s sensible reasoning and recommendations and valued her for her organizational abilities and commitment to the idea.

Such excellent qualities were also appreciated by Vladimir. He consulted with Krupskaya, relying on her judgment and experience. Moreover, Nadenka became a mediator in matters of the heart between him and Yakubova; the three of them often met at the Krupskys’ house, where the girl’s mother treated the young people to delicious dishes.

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Soon the revolutionary proposed to Apollinaria. Whether she immediately refused or whether the fighter for the idea soon changed his mind is not known for sure, since some time later he was arrested.

Vladimir wanted to see his love and asked the girls to come to the meeting. However, Yakubova did not show up, but Nadenka did. Her arrival marked the beginning of a long and strong lifelong friendship.