- Biography pages of a female sniper
Hero of the Soviet Union Lyudmila Pavlichenko became famous as a female sniper of the Second World War, who was called “Miss Colt” in the West. The personal life of Lyudmila Pavlichenko was filled with passion and pain of loss. Stalin's favorite, whose heroic image inspired fighters and mobilized female front-line soldiers, lived a complex and far from cloudless life.
Lyudmila Pavlichenko
About the personal life of Lyudmila Pavlichenko
Lyudmila Pavlichenko (07/12/1916, Belaya Tserkov, Ukraine - 10/27/1974, Moscow) grew up in the family of military officer Mikhail Belov, who fought in the same detachment with Vasily Chapaev, and was awarded the Order of the Red for valor, bravery and fearlessness Banner. Long before the Second World War, Lyudochka Belova, an 8th grade student. Bila Tserkva (Ukraine) fell in love with Alexey Pavlichenko, a student at the Agricultural Institute. After some time, the girl became pregnant.
In the photo: Lyudmila Pavlichenko in her youth
Lyuda's father, Mikhail Belov, who served in the NKVD, fearing troubles in his service, recommended Alexei to marry his daughter. After the wedding, in 1932, Rostislav was born. The young family soon broke up due to the unworthy behavior of Lyudmila Pavlichenko’s husband. After her father’s transfer to Kyiv, the young mother goes to work at , and studies at school in the evening, which allowed Lyudmila to subsequently write in the questionnaire “from the workers.”
The family hid the fact that Lyudmila’s mother was from the nobility and received an excellent education. It was she who took responsibility for raising her grandson, and Luda studied at the University of Kyiv in the history department. When the war began, she was assigned as a sniper to the famous 25th division, the same one commanded by Vasily Chapaev in 1919.
In 1941, she met Alexei Kitsenko, a sniper and combat commander. They fell in love and were going to get married, but her beloved died in 1942, covering Lyudmila with his body during artillery shelling. The work of a sniper was deadly. In that battle, she herself received severe wounds and a severe shock associated with the death of her loved one.
In the photo: Lyudmila Pavlichenko with Alexey Kitsenko
In 1944 Lyudmila became a historian. She continued to serve in the military headquarters for 8 years and trained future officers to be snipers. After the war, little was said about the personal life of Lyudmila Pavlichenko. It is only known that Konstantin Shevelev became the second husband of Lyudmila Pavlichenko. Lyudmila Pavlichenko and Konstantin Shevelev, as they say, did not have any common children, although they had a friendly family.
Together with her family, Lyudmila Mikhailovna lived in Moscow, where she moved at the invitation of the government. The personal life of the famous sniper was filled with caring for her husband, children and family troubles. In 1974, Hero of the Soviet Union, Lyudmila Pavlichenko passed away, leaving her memoirs and heroic deeds in people's memory.
In 2015, a wonderful film was shot, based on the biography of an amazing female sniper, hero of the Second World War, Lyudmila Mikhailovna Pavlichenko. In memory of her, in her homeland in the city of Belaya Tserkov, a school was named, and in the city of Sevastopol, where she fought, a street was named after the famous Soviet sniper. In the film “The Battle of Sevastopol” she was beautifully played by Yulia Peresild.
Yulia Peresild as Lyudmila Pavlichenko
short biography
In mid-July 1916, in the Ukrainian city of Bila Tserkva, a girl, Lyuda, was born into a simple working-class family. Then no one could have thought that within twenty years her name would become known to the whole world, since she could become the heroine of the bloodiest war in the history of all mankind.
Lyudmila Belova knew from childhood that her mother came from a noble family, but they tried not to tell anyone about it. The girl's mother was an educated woman who could not ignore her daughter's education. Therefore, from childhood, Lyudmila studied foreign languages and received a lot of other knowledge. The father of the future female sniper participated in the Civil War, and in peacetime he worked as a mechanic at a factory.
Like all children of that era, Lyudmila studied at school, first joined the pioneer organization, and then the Komsomol. She actively participated in all school activities. But, despite such a positive description, she was able to unpleasantly surprise her family and everyone around her.
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It is known that she loved to go to dances, where in 1931 she met Alexei Pavlichenko, a student at the Agricultural Institute. At that time, the girl was only fifteen years old, and the young man was much older than her. The girl fell in love, but soon the romantic relationship developed into another. After a while, Luda realized that she was pregnant.
The parents were surprised and began to insist on marriage. Despite the fact that soon after registration a son, Rostislav, was born, family life was not successful, as the husband behaved dishonestly. The girl returned to the family, hating her husband, but did not have time to get a divorce because the war began.
And here the strong character of Lyuda was revealed, who, despite her young age and the fact that she had a small child in her arms, not only studied at evening school, but also worked at a factory as a grinder. At the factory, she had to work with her hands in cold water all day long, which caused constant pain in her joints. Lyudmila had difficulty finding time to spend time with her son, whom she loved very much.
But the girl also had a dream - she wanted to become a research scientist. Therefore, when her son was five years old, Lyudmila entered the history department. Since wartime left its mark on the choice of specialties, many sought to choose aviation sports.
But Lyudmila was afraid of heights since childhood, so she chose shooting. But since she immediately hit the target during the first lesson, the instructor wrote about this in a report, and soon she was sent to sniper courses.
Shooting ability
Skeptical historians also question how accurately Lyudmila actually hit the target. This doubt is partly based on the statement of Pavlichenko herself, who wrote in her memoirs that she was often mistaken, mistaking for a German a helmet on a stick displayed by him (such a trick was performed in order to confuse the sniper and calculate his location), and about that she came under fascist fire, from which she could escape only with the help of machine gunners.
In addition, historians cite the following fact: when Pavlichenko was abroad as part of a delegation from our country, she, as a famous sniper, was repeatedly asked to demonstrate her brilliant abilities. Pavlichenko always refused, while another sniper who was part of the delegation, Vladimir Pchelintsev, willingly agreed to the requests. Researchers believe that Lyudmila was simply afraid to miss and thereby not confirm the legend of her accuracy.
Again, the fact that Lyudmila had no place to learn to shoot so phenomenally also raises doubts. What experience did she have? In her own words (she mentioned this in her memoirs), she acquired shooting skills in the OSOAVIAKHIM circle, which, according to researchers, is insufficient for such weapon mastery as they are trying to convince us of.
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Wounds and concussions
Lyudmila Pavlichenko was at the front from the beginning of August 1941 to the end of June 1942 - that is, almost eleven months, during which she killed 309 enemies. And during this time, Pavlichenko was wounded three times and shell-shocked four times. The first concussion occurred in August '41, during an air raid. Then the girl was not seriously injured, but literally a couple of days later she suffered a second concussion - after a shell explosion. She turned out to be more serious and put Pavlichenko in a hospital bed for about three weeks. Then, in mid-October of the same year, Lyudmila was tangentially wounded by shrapnel in the head, and she was again deprived of combat for a month.
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In mid-December, Lyudmila received another wound and concussion at the same time - a shell fragment hit her right shoulder near the shoulder blade, and another sniper carried her away from the battlefield. Pavlichenko spent another month in the hospital. The same sniper named Kitsenko who carried her from the battlefield became her front-line husband - but the lovers’ happiness did not last long; in early March 1942, Kitsenko died in front of Lyudmila, which caused her a serious shock. Her hands began to tremble, and she could not hold the rifle in her hands. Because of this, Lyudmila was sent on long leave to improve her health - until May.
The last time Lyudmila was wounded was in June, in Sevastopol - a shell fragment scratched her cheek and tore off her earlobe. She was sent to the hospital, and “Lady Death,” as the Germans and the foreign press had nicknamed the girl by that time, never returned to the front.
Scientists who doubt the reliability of information about the fascists killed by Pavlichenko say the following: of the eleven months Lyudmila spent on the front line, about half was not in service with a rifle in her hands, but on a hospital bed. It turns out that she destroyed her record number of victims in just six months (give or take). Researchers claim that it is simply impossible to achieve such a phenomenal result in such a short period of time. It should be especially noted that neither before nor after Lyudmila not a single shooter had such figures.
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Memory
- In the city of Bela Tserkov, a school was named in honor of Lyudmila Pavlichenko.
- A street in Sevastopol was named after the famous sniper.
- American singer Woody Guthrie sang the song “Miss Pavlichenko” in 1946.
Yulia Peresild as Lyudmila Pavlichenko
- The film “Battle for Sevastopol”, the role of the famous female sniper was played by Yulia Peresild. The script was written using the memories of Eleanor Roosevelt.
- The Lyuda rifle is named after Pavlichenko in the computer game Borderlands 2.
