Childhood and youth
Anna Herman is an ethnic German, born in the Uzbek SSR, and became famous as a Polish singer. She was born on February 14, 1936. A year after Anna's birth, her father was arrested on charges of espionage and sentenced to 10 years without the right to correspondence. Already during the years of perestroika, relatives managed to find out that Eugen Hermann was shot in 1938 in Tashkent. He was rehabilitated twenty years later - posthumously.
A year after Eugen’s arrest, another grief happened in the family - Friedrich, Anna’s younger brother, died. The mother took her daughter and, escaping the pain, moved from city to city. They lived in Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tashkent, Dzhambul. In Dzhambul, Anna went to school and graduated from 3rd grade. In 1943, her mother remarried, and three years later they moved to Poland, her husband’s homeland.
View this post on Instagram
A post shared by Human Moment Magazine (@human_moment) on Dec 10, 2021 at 8:06am PST
Anna German as a child
Anna German studied well, was fond of drawing and dreamed of studying at the Higher School of Fine Arts, but her mother advised her to choose an earthly profession. After high school, Herman entered the geological department of the university and successfully graduated.
During her student years, the girl performed on the stage of the youth theater "Kalambur" and became seriously interested in the stage. After university, Anna Herman received permission to perform on stage and began performing concerts in small Polish cities.
Personal life
Anna German's personal life was going well. She met her future husband Zbigniew Tucholski in Wroclaw in 1960. He worked as a researcher and came to the city for work.
They met prosaically: Zbigniew asked Herman to look after his things while he took a swim in the river. The young people started talking, and in the conversation the singer invited him to a concert. The couple lived in a civil marriage for several years. They legalized their relationship only after Anna German was in a car accident.
Published by Tatyana Morozova Saturday, August 5, 2017
Anna Herman and Zbigniew Tucholski
She was 39 when she first became pregnant. Doctors discouraged the star from giving birth, given her age and the severity of her injuries, but she did not agree to an abortion. In November 1975, Anna German gave birth to a son, Zbyszek. The boy followed in his father’s footsteps: he graduated from a university in Warsaw and is engaged in scientific activities.
Music
In 1963, the International Song Festival was held in Sopot, in which Anna German participated. She took third place in the competition. It was followed by another festival, after which Herman’s songs began to be played on radio stations. Sopot in 1964 was triumphant for the aspiring singer. She performed the composition “Dancing Eurydice” and took 1st place among Polish performers and 2nd place in the international ranking.
In the same year, Anna German gave her first concerts in Moscow, Belgium and other countries - all of Europe started talking about her. The result of a large tour was the first disc, which sold millions of copies. In 1965, the singer recorded the song “City of Lovers,” which became popular.
View this post on Instagram
A post shared by Mikhail Vereshchagin (@mvoice.ru) on Feb 13, 2020 at 1:56pm PST
Anna German in her youth
In 1966, Anna first appeared in films. The singer played a cameo role in the Polish film “Sea Adventures”. Anna German's acting career did not work out: as an actress, the woman appeared in three more films and only in episodic roles.
In 1966, Anna German signed a contract with an Italian recording studio and left for Rome. A year later, she adequately represented Poland at the festival in San Remo. Then there were festivals and victories in Cannes, Naples, Monte Carlo.
In the spring of 1967, the singer was seriously injured in a car accident. The singer's car crashed into a concrete barrier on the road between Forlì and Milan because Anna's manager fell asleep at the wheel. The singer was thrown onto the road through the windshield. German suffered fractures and injuries to internal organs and did not regain consciousness for more than a week. The singer lay motionless for six months, and then underwent rehabilitation, learning to walk again. In 1970, the artist returned to the stage.
The singer's popularity in the Soviet Union peaked in the 70s - the Melodiya studio recorded and released 5 records by Anna German. Songs for the Polish singer were written by Alexandra Pakhmutova, Jan Frenkel and other masters of the Soviet stage. Her “Hope”, “Echo of Love”, “Tenderness” were heard on radio and television, they were known by heart and sang along. Also favorite was Anna German’s performance of the famous military song “Katyusha” and the lyrical composition “Lullaby”.
In 1975, a series of television programs “Anna German Sings” was released, and the singer went on a tour, during which the song “And I Like Him” was performed for the first time.
Anna German and Lev Leshchenko - “Echo of Love”
In 1976, Anna met young Rosa Rymbaeva and Alla Pugacheva, as well as a number of poets and composers. Vyacheslav Dobrynin invited Anna to record the song “White Bird Cherry,” and the singer recorded the vocal part of the track the first time.
In 1977, Anna German was invited to “Song of the Year,” where she performed the song “When the Gardens Bloomed,” more famous for the refrain “Once a year the gardens bloom.” The audience applauded and did not want to let the artist leave the stage. The concert organizers had to agree that the singer perform an encore. At the concert, Anna also performed the song “Echo of Love” in a duet with Lev Leshchenko.
Subsequently, the artists recorded a music video for this song. During her career, the singer presented more than ten music videos. Her songs had spiritual touching and enormous power, their lyrics were close and understandable to every listener - this is why Anna German was loved in the USSR.
1. What is chocolate
Chocolate (English
Chocolate
, French
Chocolat
, Spanish
Chocolate
) is a term denoting various types of confectionery products made using cocoa fruits.
2. Where does the word “Chocolate” come from?
The word "chocolate" comes from "chocolatl", the name of a drink made from cocoa beans. In the Aztec language, "chocolli" means "bitterness" and "atl" refers to the water used to make the chocolate drink. Modern chocolatl includes: cocoa powder, milk, sugar, cinnamon, hot pepper, and sometimes vanilla.
3. What is chocolate made from?
The main raw material for the production of chocolate and cocoa powder are cocoa beans - the seeds of the cocoa tree, which grows in tropical regions of the globe. Based on their origin, cocoa beans are divided into three groups: American; African; Asian. The names of commercial varieties correspond to the name of the area of their production, country or port of export (Ghana, Bahia, Cameroon, Trinidad, etc.). Based on quality, cocoa beans are divided into two groups:
- noble (varietal), having a delicate taste and a pleasant subtle aroma with many shades (Java, Trinidad, etc.);
- consumer (ordinary), having a bitter, tart, sour taste and strong aroma (Baya, Para, etc.).
4. What are cocoa beans
Cocoa beans are found in the pulp of the fruit of the cocoa tree, 30-50 pieces each, have an almond shape, about 2.5 cm long. The bean consists of a hard core formed by two cotyledons, an embryo (sprout) and a hard shell (cocoa shell). Freshly picked cocoa beans do not have the taste and aroma properties characteristic of chocolate and cocoa powder; they have a bitter-tart taste and are pale in color. To improve the taste and aroma, they are subjected to fermentation and drying on plantations. In the process of technological processing, the main semi-finished products are obtained from cocoa beans: cocoa mass, cocoa butter and cocoa cake. Cocoa mass and cocoa butter with powdered sugar are used to make chocolate; Cocoa powder is obtained from cocoa cake.
5. How chocolate is classified
Depending on the processing method, chocolate mass is divided into dessert and ordinary. Dessert chocolate mass has high aromatic qualities and fine dispersion. It acquires these properties as a result of particularly careful and lengthy processing. The sugar content in it is no more than 55%. Ordinary chocolate mass has lower taste and aroma qualities and less fine dispersion. The sugar content in it is no more than 63%. Porous chocolate is obtained mainly from dessert chocolate mass, which is poured into molds, placed in vacuum boilers and kept in a liquid state (at a temperature of 40 ° C) for 4 hours. When the vacuum is removed, due to the expansion of air bubbles, a finely porous tile structure is formed. Depending on the composition, chocolate is divided into chocolate without additives, with additives, with filling, diabetic and white. Chocolate without additives is made from cocoa mass, powdered sugar and cocoa butter. This chocolate has specific properties inherent in cocoa beans. By changing the ratio between powdered sugar and cocoa mass, you can change the taste characteristics of the resulting chocolate - from bitter to sweet. The more cocoa mass in chocolate, the more bitter the taste and the brighter the aroma of the chocolate and the more valued it is. Chocolate with additions is made from cocoa mass, cocoa butter, powdered sugar and various nutritional, flavoring and aromatic substances. The most commonly used additives are powdered milk, dry cream, nut kernels, coffee, waffles, candied fruits, alcohol, cognac, vanillin, food essences, etc. The ratio between the listed components of chocolate reflects the characteristics of its assortment and varies widely. Chocolate with filling is prepared from chocolate mass without additives and with the addition of milk. It is produced in the form of bars, loaves, shells and other shapes with various fillings: nuts, fondant, chocolate, fruit jelly, cream, milk, butter. The amount of filling should be no more than 50% of the total weight of the products. Diabetic chocolate is intended for patients with diabetes. Instead of sugar, chocolate contains sorbitol, xylitol, and mannitol. White chocolate is prepared according to a special recipe from cocoa butter, sugar, milk powder, vanillin without adding cocoa mass, so it has a cream color (white) and does not contain theobromine. Powdered chocolate is made from cocoa mass and powdered sugar without any additives or with the addition of dairy products.
Source:
Wikipedia
Other materials:
1. Chocolate in ancient times
Chocolate has long been exclusively a drink.
It was consumed cold - roasted cocoa beans, which themselves have a bitter taste, were mixed with water, and then chili pepper was added to this mixture. The ancient Omelki civilization, which was the first to try the invented drink, gave it the name that is still used today. They said " kakawa
". It's surprising that over such a long time, only a few letters have changed in the name. Contrary to the name, the composition of chocolate has undergone significant changes since then, but the road to this has been long.
Around the same time, namely three thousand years ago, another delicacy was invented, which is now inextricably linked with chocolate. Ancient Egyptians accidentally mixed honey, figs and nuts - and became the owners of the world's first candies - Source
2. Cocoa beans are like money
By 600 AD, chocolate had not lost a single component of its original composition. The history of the development of chocolate was continued by the Mayan tribe. During this period, paganism caused chocolate to become a very valuable drink; many religious rituals and traditions were associated with it. The value of chocolate was great, because it was considered the food of the gods. The Mayan Indians at that time lived in Central America, on the Yucatan Peninsula (now Mexico). During the Mayan era, cocoa trees were deliberately not grown. There were a lot of them growing, but not enough for everyone to drink enough of the divine drink. As a result, the Indians began to use cocoa beans as a means of payment. Every fruit counted: for 100 cocoa beans, for example, you could buy a slave. When calculations were carried out in considerable amounts, the fruits were counted not individually, but in pods, each of which weighs about 500 g. Later, the impracticality and value of cocoa fruits prompted the Mayan Indians to begin building cocoa plantations - Source
3. Gift from the Aztecs
The Aztecs of Central America had a much simpler time regarding cocoa. The Indians who lived on their territory earlier erected plantations, and the harvest grew larger from year to year. The value of the tree's fruits decreased slightly, and cocoa beans began to be used as tribute. This was the period of the first long-distance voyages and discoveries, a step towards chocolate becoming known in Europe. In 1517, the Spaniard Hernan Cortes arrived in Mexico. The Aztecs take him for the returning god Quetzalcoatl. But Cortez's plans also turned out to be grandiose: he conquered Mexico. And he also realized that “chocolatl” would help him gain an excellent position in his homeland. Cortez was not mistaken. The ships that loaded cocoa beans and cocoa production devices became a real discovery for Spain. The Spaniards were in no hurry to distribute chocolate outside the country; supply volumes did not allow this. In addition, they kept the recipe for the drink secret. What the Spaniards did with cocoa beans is already closer to the chocolate that we know. The new recipe included cinnamon, nutmeg and sugar. Chili peppers began to be bypassed, and the drink was now served hot. These changes turned out to be good for chocolate - Source
4.
A detailed history of chocolate over the last 3 centuries
5.
Chocolate production. Production technology.
6. Controversial facts about chocolate
6.1.
About the benefits of chocolate Finally, the news that everyone has been waiting for - chocolate promotes health, a thinner waist and a positive outlook on life in old age.
The study, which was not funded by the chocolate industry, shows that older men who ate chocolate were fitter, more optimistic and rated their own well-being higher. Beginning in 1960, a research team from the Finnish universities in Oulu and Helsinki studied Helsinki businessmen born between 1919 and 1934. The subjects were asked questions about what they thought about life, including what kind of candy they preferred. Of the 1,367 respondents, only a little more than 100 said they did not eat sweets. Of the rest, 860 said they preferred chocolate, and 399 said they preferred some other sweets. The average age of respondents was 76 years, the scientists report in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
. Chocolate lovers tend to be slimmer, have smaller waists, and are less likely to suffer from diabetes than those who choose other sweets. They are also slightly better educated. Chocolate lovers rate their health significantly higher, feel happier, are less likely to experience loneliness and are less likely to suffer from depression.
They are also more likely to still be making plans for the future. Previous studies have shown that eating chocolate releases endorphins, which cause feelings of pleasure and reduce sensitivity to pain - Source
6.2. Another proof of the benefits of chocolate has been found
Researchers have confirmed that dark dark chocolate can have a beneficial effect on the human body. The more common milk chocolate does not have such beneficial properties. A recent Italian study found that it lowers blood pressure and increases the body's ability to metabolize sugar found in foods - Read more...
6.3. Sweets don't make you feel better
Scientists from different countries, through a series of tests, have come to the conclusion that dark chocolate prevents the development of many diseases. Dr. Derk Taubert from the University Hospital in Cologne (Germany) conducted research on the medicinal properties of this product. One group of people with high blood pressure was given a small piece of dark chocolate weighing 6.3 g daily, which contains 30 mg of beneficial polyphenols, and the other was given the same amount of chocolate, but white - Read more...
6.4. Once again about the benefits of dark chocolate
The benefits of dark chocolate have been discussed more than once, but scientists are discovering more and more of its beneficial properties for the human body every day. Thus, American scientists from Yale University have proven that dark chocolate improves the function of blood vessels, thereby once again confirming the usefulness of this product for human health, but in relation to the circulatory system.
The study involved 45 people, who were divided into three groups. For six weeks, some of them were given 227 grams of cocoa without sugar, others were given cocoa with sugar, and members of the third group were given a placebo - Read more...
6.5. About the benefits and harms of chocolate
According to a study conducted by cardiologists in Moscow, which involved 6,200 people aged from one year to 97 years, among products containing flavonoids (substances that prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the walls of blood vessels), tea took first place in all age groups. and second and third place was shared among children and adults by chocolate and apples.
The study authors claim that all three leading products can prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases and even cancer. The positive effect of chocolate on the recovery of patients with tuberculosis and asthma has been confirmed - Source
6.6.
The effect of chocolate on health. 5 facts about chocolate.
7. What to make with chocolate
— 10 chocolate recipes. — 10 more recipes. — Chocolate and chocolate drinks
8. This is interesting
— What dictionaries write about chocolate — definitions from 5 Russian language dictionaries.
— Shokoladnik — in addition to a large number of articles about chocolate, the site also contains a Virtual Collection of Chocolate Labels.
— Azart-candy.ru — a lot of interesting things about chocolate. (Types of chocolate. How chocolate is made. Is chocolate healthy? Chocolate museums. How to eat chocolate. Chocolate production. Chocolate - History of invention. How chocolate bars are made.)
— Rating of the most expensive types of chocolate from Forbes.
Other articles by Guenon on culinary topics:
— How to choose chocolate, how to distinguish real chocolate from fake.
— What types of sweets are there, interesting facts about sweets.
— Where to read about how to choose a wedding cake.
Death
Anna German had everything that women dream of: a husband, a son, a house, a favorite job. But happiness collapsed one day. In the late 70s, doctors gave her a terrible diagnosis - sarcoma.
The singer went to the hospital with complaints of pain in her leg, which had intensified recently. Just at this time she was about to go on tour, which the artist did not cancel. Overcoming the pain, the singer went on stage and sang in Australia, Kazakhstan, and Moscow. One day at a concert she lost consciousness.
Joanna Moreau as Anna German (still from the series “Anna German. The Mystery of the White Angel”)
In Poland, Anna Herman underwent several operations. Doctors fought for her life for a long time, but could not defeat the disease. On August 25, 1982, the singer passed away. She was buried in Warsaw.
Since 1982, films and television programs about the singer’s life began to be released. In 2012, the latest series to date, “Anna German. The Secret of the White Angel”, based on the biography of the singer. The plot of the serial film was based on an episode of a car accident when Anna was on the verge of death. The series shows the life of the singer through the memories of an unconscious woman. The role of Anna German was played by Joanna Moreau.
Confession
In Sopot, Anna German, whose biography became a subject of curiosity for many fans, took third place. Then there was a festival in Olsztyn, after which the radio station played new compositions performed by the singer.
In the same year, the girl receives a scholarship from the Ministry of Culture and goes to Rome for a couple of months, where she studies vocals.
Anna met her triumph in Sopot in 1964, when with the song “Dancing Eurydice” she received first place among Poles and second among international performers.
Her extensive world tour begins. At annual music competitions, she is still the main favorite and constant winner.
In 1964, she made her debut in Moscow. Then came Belgium. After these tours, a giant disc was released, which made the whole of Europe talk about Anna German.
In 1966, the singer signed a contract with an Italian studio. Before leaving for Rome, Herman gave concerts in Czechoslovakia, France, the USA, and England.
In 1967, the singer represented her country at the Sanremo Festival, and then won the Audience Award at the Neapolitan Competition.
